“用户:Grotton JXz Donbrako/Psychology/Chapter 2+”的版本间的差异

来自萌娘文库
跳转至： 导航、 搜索
（新条目）
 
（正文1补充）
第4行： 第4行：
 
转载时有改动，无任何原内容省略。
 
转载时有改动，无任何原内容省略。
 
==正文1==
 
==正文1==
−
（待补充）
+
===Research Methods: Statistics===
 +
*'''Descriptive statistics''' describes '''''a set of data'''''.
 +
**How many people have black hair in this room?
 +
**How many people play a musical instrument?
 +
----
 +
*'''Measures of Central Tendency''' describe '''''the center''' of a data set''.
 +
*'''The measures of central tendency''' are the '''Mean''', '''Median''', and '''Mode'''.
 +
----
 +
*'''The Mean''' or '''average''' is ''the sum of scores divided by the number of scores''.
 +
**Sum of scores / Number of days = Mean
 +
*"Find the mean of coffee consumption per day."
 +
**Day 1: 1
 +
**Day 2: 4
 +
**Day 3: 5
 +
**Day 4: 2
 +
**Day 5: 3
 +
*Sum the scores:
 +
**1+4+5+2+3=15
 +
*Divide the score by the number of days:
 +
**15/5=3
 +
*"Mean or average is 3 cups / day"
 +
----
 +
'''Median''' is at the midpoint of a frequency distribution, such that there is an equal probability of falling above or below it
 +
*How to find the Median: Put all the numbers in numerical order.
 +
**If there is an '''odd''' number of scores, the median is the middle number.
 +
**If there is an '''even''' number of scores, the median will be the mean of the two central numbers.
 +
----
 +
*"What is the median?"
 +
**6, 2, 9, 4, 7, 3
 +
*Rearrange the numbers:
 +
**2, 3, 4, 6, 7, 9
 +
*If there is an '''even''' number, find mean of middle two:
 +
**4+6=10. 10/2=5. Five is the median.
 +
----
 +
*'''The mean''' is prone to problems with '''outliers'''. '''Outliers''' are '''''extreme scores''' that skew the mean''. The median is sometimes ''a better measure'' of central tendency when there are outliers.
 +
***Salaries in a company:
 +
***Employee 1: $35,000
 +
***Employee 2: $45,000
 +
***Employee 3: $43, 000
 +
***Employee 4: $400,000
 +
**Mean: $130,750
 +
**Median: $44,000
 +
----
 +
*'''The mode''' is the score that appears '''most frequently''' in a set of numbers.
 +
**4, 5, 6, 7, 7, 7, 7, 8, 5, 5, 6, 6, 8, 3, 2, 4, 4
 +
**What is the mode? {{黑幕|7}}
 +
*There may be no mode if no value appears more than any other.
 +
*There may also be two modes (bimodal), three modes (trimodal), or four or more modes (multimodal).
 +
----
 +
===Normal Distribution===
 +
*A '''Normal distribution''' is a function that '''represents the distribution of many random variables as a symmetrical bell-shaped graph''.
 +
*Measures of Central Tendency are a part of a normal distribution.
 +
*The mean, median, and mode of a Standard Normal Distribution are 0
 +
----
 +
'''Normal Distribution, Measures of Central Tendency, and Skew'''.jpg
 +
<img src="https://pic2.zhimg.com/80/v2-993c1ac6d376523e252790a209998177_720w.jpg?source=1940ef5c" />
 +
----
 +
*'''Positively skewed''' means that a distribution of scores includes an extreme score(s), which give the graph a long tail trailing to the '''right'''.
 +
*A '''negatively skewed''' distribution contains more high scores than low scores, but a few really low scores result in the graph having a 'long tail' to the '''left'''.
 +
----
 
==正文2==
 
==正文2==
 
（待补充）
 
（待补充）

2022年2月13日 (日) 04:49的版本

页面介绍

本页面所转载文章出自APPsychPrep网站所分享幻灯片[1]，由GJD转载。
转载时有改动，无任何原内容省略。

正文1

Research Methods: Statistics

  • Descriptive statistics describes a set of data.
    • How many people have black hair in this room?
    • How many people play a musical instrument?
  • Measures of Central Tendency describe the center of a data set.
  • The measures of central tendency are the Mean, Median, and Mode.
  • The Mean or average is the sum of scores divided by the number of scores.
    • Sum of scores / Number of days = Mean
  • "Find the mean of coffee consumption per day."
    • Day 1: 1
    • Day 2: 4
    • Day 3: 5
    • Day 4: 2
    • Day 5: 3
  • Sum the scores:
    • 1+4+5+2+3=15
  • Divide the score by the number of days:
    • 15/5=3
  • "Mean or average is 3 cups / day"

Median is at the midpoint of a frequency distribution, such that there is an equal probability of falling above or below it

  • How to find the Median: Put all the numbers in numerical order.
    • If there is an odd number of scores, the median is the middle number.
    • If there is an even number of scores, the median will be the mean of the two central numbers.
  • "What is the median?"
    • 6, 2, 9, 4, 7, 3
  • Rearrange the numbers:
    • 2, 3, 4, 6, 7, 9
  • If there is an even number, find mean of middle two:
    • 4+6=10. 10/2=5. Five is the median.
  • The mean is prone to problems with outliers. Outliers are extreme scores that skew the mean. The median is sometimes a better measure of central tendency when there are outliers.
      • Salaries in a company:
      • Employee 1: $35,000
      • Employee 2: $45,000
      • Employee 3: $43, 000
      • Employee 4: $400,000
    • Mean: $130,750
    • Median: $44,000
  • The mode is the score that appears most frequently in a set of numbers.
    • 4, 5, 6, 7, 7, 7, 7, 8, 5, 5, 6, 6, 8, 3, 2, 4, 4
    • What is the mode? 7
  • There may be no mode if no value appears more than any other.
  • There may also be two modes (bimodal), three modes (trimodal), or four or more modes (multimodal).

Normal Distribution

  • A Normal distribution' is a function that represents the distribution of many random variables as a symmetrical bell-shaped graph.
  • Measures of Central Tendency are a part of a normal distribution.
  • The mean, median, and mode of a Standard Normal Distribution are 0

Normal Distribution, Measures of Central Tendency, and Skew.jpg

  • Positively skewed means that a distribution of scores includes an extreme score(s), which give the graph a long tail trailing to the right.
  • A negatively skewed distribution contains more high scores than low scores, but a few really low scores result in the graph having a 'long tail' to the left.

正文2

（待补充）

原幻灯片(.ppsx)下载链接
（建议在下载后将后缀改成.ppt以方便观看与编辑）

  1. ↑ [1][2]
取自“https://library.moegirl.org.cn/index.php?title=用户:Grotton_JXz_Donbrako/Psychology/Chapter_2%2B&oldid=26289”